The following has been gathered from secondary websites, news and presentations.

Some of the terminology contained in the headings and body of these links is misleading. These have been taken from press articles, websites and videos. The use of the word stampede and panic is not what you will find to be the causes of the incidents shown. The information provided is reflecting the articles written and it is being left to you to interoperate what you see and read and come to your own conclusions. Please also not that this list only refers to gatherings involving events such as concerts, sports, night clubs (entertainment). There is only inclusion of some significant events out with this.

1896

Khodynka Tragedy 13/05/1896

1887

Exeter Theatre Royal Fire 05/09/1887

1884

Glasgow Star Theater Crowd Incident 27/12/1884

1883

Victoria Hall, Crowd Incident, Sunderland 16/09/1883

1878

Liverpool Colosseum Theatre Crowd Incident 11/10/1878

1876

Brooklyn Theatre Fire 05/12/1876

1875

Precious Blood Church Fire, Holuke, Ma 27/05/1875

1872

Ostrowo Synagogue Crowd Incident 10/10/1872

The Ostrowo Synagogue Crowd Incident occurred on 10 October 1872 in Ostrów Wielkopolski (then part of Prussia) during Yom Kippur, one of the most solemn dates in the Jewish calendar. During prayers, the gas lamps inside the synagogue suddenly went out, plunging the building into darkness. In the women’s and children’s gallery, this triggered panic. Believing there was imminent danger, people rushed toward the exits. As they fled, the staircase leading down from the gallery collapsed, sending people falling and trapping others beneath them. In total, 19 people were killed, including Jewish worshippers and one Christian girl. The victims died primarily due to falls and crushing, not fire or violence. All of the victims except the Christian girl were buried in a mass grave in the Jewish cemetery, which no longer exists today. Why it matters: this was a classic panic-induced structural failure. No fire, no attack — just darkness, fear, a confined escape route, and a staircase that couldn’t take the load. It’s another early example showing that loss of lighting + elevated galleries + weak egress = lethal risk, especially when vulnerable groups are involved.

1871

Shanghai Theatre Fire 06/1871

The Shanghai Theatre Fire occurred in June 1871 in Shanghai, China; however, no exact day can be reliably verified from surviving historical records (UNVERIFIED: exact date). During a performance at what was reportedly the largest theatre in Shanghai at the time, a fire broke out in a building that was heavily overcrowded and constructed largely from combustible materials, with open-flame lighting. The fire spread rapidly, and panic triggered a mass rush for exits that were inadequate for the number of people inside. As a result, approximately 900 audience members were killed, largely due to smoke inhalation, crushing, and trampling. This figure is consistently cited across multiple historical disaster compilations (verified within historical consensus). The number of injured is not recorded in any reliable contemporary sources and therefore cannot be confirmed (UNVERIFIED: injury count). At the time, this was considered one of the most tragic public accidents in Chinese history and stands as another stark example of how overcrowding, flammable construction, and poor egress turn fires into mass-fatality events.

1865

Bell street Hall, Dundee, Scotland 15/02/1865

1849

Theatre Royal Disaster, Glasgow, Scotland 19/02/1849

1845

Canton Theatre Fire, Guanghou, China 25/05/1845

1836

Leham Theatre and Circus Fire at St Petersburg, Russia 14/02/1836

1823

Valletta Carnival tragedy 11/02/1823

1811

Richmond Theatre Fire 26/12/1811

1807

Newcastle Prison Crowd Incident 23/02/1807

1727

Burwell Barn Fire

1711

Pont de la Guillotiere Bridge

October 11, 1711 was the first day of St Denis de Bron’s vogue. This festival had existed since time immemorial, since the Gauls of Condate at least, and it was the festival of Bacchus, or Dionysus, which the priests of the time had very quickly transformed into St Denis. Obviously the corgnolon was rinsed well there, but this vogue had the peculiarity that everyone could insult themselves freely without the urban, the police of the time, intervening. It became a game to which the most rude insults would be said. We kept some Lyonnais expressions which however could not be more affectionate, like “Ah, te v’là carrion!” ” and many others. So you can imagine that a party like this attracted a lot of people.

0140

Circus Maximus Collapse

0027

The Fidenae Amphitheatre Collapse

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